7 risk factors for patella luxation

Patella luxation, also, is a common orthopaedic condition in dogs. In fact out of all the doggos I see, the top of the list are those with MPL (medial patella luxation) or post surgery from this. 

Several risk factors can contribute to the development of patella luxation in dogs. Here are some of the main risk factors:
​1.  Breed Predisposition: Certain dog breeds are more prone to patella luxation. Small and toy breeds such as Chihuahuas, Pomeranians, Pekingese, Yorkshire Terriers, and Miniature Poodles have a higher incidence of this condition. Some larger breeds like Labrador Retrievers and Akitas can also be affected.

Small and toy breeds are more prone to MPL

2. Genetic Factors: Patella luxation can have a genetic component, meaning it can be passed down from parent dogs to their offspring. Breeding dogs with a history of patella luxation increases the likelihood of the condition in their offspring.
3. Congenital Abnormalities: Dogs born with abnormal bone structure or joint development are at a higher risk of patella luxation. Factors such as shallow femoral grooves, misaligned bones, and abnormal patellar ligaments can contribute to the condition or having bowed legs. 
4. Obesity: Overweight or obese dogs are more prone to patella luxation due to the added stress on their joints. Excess weight puts strain on the patellar ligaments and can increase the likelihood of the kneecap slipping out of place.
5. Trauma: Injuries or trauma to the knee area can cause patella luxation in dogs. Traumatic incidents such as accidents, falls, or rough play can result in dislocation of the kneecap.
6.  Muscle Weakness: Weak thigh muscles or muscles around the  stifle joint can contribute to patella luxation. When the muscles are not adequately developed or are imbalanced, they may fail to provide proper support and stability to the patella.
7. Age: Patella luxation can occur at any age, but it is more commonly seen in young dogs, especially those under one year of age. In some cases, the condition may worsen as the dog ages.

​It's important to note that while these risk factors increase the likelihood of patella luxation, they do not guarantee that a dog will develop the condition. Regular veterinary check-ups, maintaining a healthy weight, and providing appropriate exercise can help reduce the risk of patella luxation in dogs.